[dnf] 메모리를 할당하지 못함 (Cannot allocate memory)

  램 용량이 적은 저사양 서버에 MariaDB-server를 새 판으로 올려 깔려는데, 메모리를 할당하지 못해서 "Cannot allocate memory"라는 문구가 떴다.

[root@test ~]# dnf update MariaDB-server
MariaDB Server                                       8.1 kB/s | 3.4 kB     00:00
MariaDB Server                                       638 kB/s | 607 kB     00:00
MariaDB MaxScale                                     6.5 kB/s | 2.5 kB     00:00
MariaDB Tools                                        5.6 kB/s | 3.0 kB     00:00
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================
 Package               Architecture  Version               Repository           Size
=====================================================================================
Upgrading:
 MariaDB-server        x86_64        10.11.7-1.el9         mariadb-main         18 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Upgrade  1 Packages

Total download size: 18 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64.rpm        16 MB/s |  18 MB     00:01
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                 24 MB/s |  28 MB     00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
usermod: no changes

  Upgrading        : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
SELinux:  Could not load policy file /etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.33:  Cannot allocate memory
/sbin/load_policy:  Can't load policy:  Cannot allocate memory
libsemanage.semanage_reload_policy: load_policy returned error code 2. (No such file or directory).
SELinux:  Could not load policy file /etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.33:  Cannot allocate memory
/sbin/load_policy:  Can't load policy:  Cannot allocate memory
libsemanage.semanage_reload_policy: load_policy returned error code 2. (No such file or directory).
/usr/sbin/semodule:  Failed!

  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Cleanup          : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
active

  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2

Upgraded:
  MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64

Complete!

  SELinux(보안 강화 리눅스) 설정에 혹시 문제가 있을지 몰라서 다시 깔려고 한다.

  스왚 파일을 적극적으로 만드는 정도를 조절하는 vm.swappiness 값을 확인해 본다.

[root@test ~]# sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 1

  실제 메모리 용량이 모자랄 때는 vm.swappiness이 0이면 dnf가 실행되지 않을 수 있다(Killed). vm.swappiness 값이 낮아도 위처럼 메모리 할당이 잘 되지 않을 수 있다.

  vm.swappiness 값을 기본값인 60으로 바꾸어 준다.

[root@test ~]# sysctl vm.swappiness=60
vm.swappiness = 60

  'dnf downgrade'로 MariaDB-server를 먼저 깔았던 판으로 되돌린다.

[root@test ~]# dnf downgrade MariaDB-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:40 ago on Fri 09 Feb 2024 05:11:39 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================
 Package               Architecture  Version               Repository           Size
=====================================================================================
Downgrading:
 MariaDB-server        x86_64        10.11.6-1.el9         mariadb-main         18 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Downgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 18 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm               14 MB/s |  18 MB     00:01
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                 14 MB/s |  18 MB     00:01
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                             1/1
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
usermod: no changes

  Downgrading      : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Cleanup          : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
active

  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2

Downgraded:
  MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64

Complete!

  MariaDB-server를 10.11.7판으로 다시 깔아 보았고 이상 없이 잘 되었다.

[root@test ~]# dnf update MariaDB-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:12:17 ago on Fri 09 Feb 2024 05:11:39 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=====================================================================================
 Package               Architecture  Version               Repository           Size
=====================================================================================
Upgrading:
 MariaDB-server        x86_64        10.11.7-1.el9         mariadb-main         18 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Upgrade  1 Package

Total download size: 18 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
[MIRROR] MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Status code: 500 for https://dlm.mariadb.com/repo/mariadb-server/10.11/yum/rhel/9/x86_64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64.rpm (IP: 2606:4700::6811:bf0e)
MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64.rpm              4.6 MB/s |  18 MB     00:03
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                4.6 MB/s |  18 MB     00:03
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                             1/1
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
usermod: no changes

  Upgrading        : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Cleanup          : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
active

  Running scriptlet: MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2
  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64                         1/2
  Verifying        : MariaDB-server-10.11.6-1.el9.x86_64                         2/2

Upgraded:
  MariaDB-server-10.11.7-1.el9.x86_64

Complete!